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195 lines
5.7 KiB
195 lines
5.7 KiB
## 在AspNet Core MVC Web Application中使用ABP
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本教程将介绍如何开始以最少的依赖关系开始使用ABP开发.
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通常情况下你需要下载一个 ***[启动模板](Getting-Started-AspNetCore-MVC-Template.md)***
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### 创建一个新项目
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1. 使用Visual Studio创建一个空的AspNet Core Web Application:
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2. 选择空模板
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你可以选择其它模板,但是我想要从一个简洁的项目演示它.
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### 安装 Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc 包
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Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc是ABP集成AspNet Core MVC的包,请安装它到你项目中:
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````
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Install-Package Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc
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````
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### 创建ABP模块
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ABP是一个模块化框架,它需要一个**启动 (根) 模块**继承自``AbpModule``:
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````C#
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using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
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using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
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using Volo.Abp;
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using Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc;
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using Volo.Abp.Modularity;
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namespace BasicAspNetCoreApplication
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{
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[DependsOn(typeof(AbpAspNetCoreMvcModule))]
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public class AppModule : AbpModule
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{
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public override void OnApplicationInitialization(
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ApplicationInitializationContext context)
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{
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var app = context.GetApplicationBuilder();
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var env = context.GetEnvironment();
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if (env.IsDevelopment())
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{
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app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
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}
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else
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{
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app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
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}
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app.UseStaticFiles();
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app.UseRouting();
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app.UseConfiguredEndpoints();
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}
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}
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}
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````
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``AppModule`` 是应用程序启动模块的好名称(建议你的启动模块也使用这个命名).
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ABP的包定义了这个模块类,模块可以依赖其它模块.在上面的代码中 ``AppModule`` 依赖于 ``AbpAspNetCoreMvcModule`` (模块存在于Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc包中). 安装新的ABP的包后添加``DependsOn``是很常见的做法.
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我们在此模块类中配置ASP.NET Core管道,而不是Startup类中.
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### 启动类
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接下来修改启动类集成ABP模块系统:
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````C#
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using System;
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using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
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using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
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namespace BasicAspNetCoreApplication
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{
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public class Startup
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{
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public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
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{
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services.AddApplication<AppModule>();
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return services.BuildServiceProviderFromFactory();
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}
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public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
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{
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app.InitializeApplication();
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}
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}
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}
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````
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修改``ConfigureServices``方法的返回值为``IServiceProvider``(默认是``void``).这个修改允许我们替换AspNet Core的依赖注入框架. (参阅下面的Autofac集成部分). ``services.AddApplication<AppModule>()``添加了所有模块中定义的全部服务.
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``app.InitializeApplication()`` 调用 ``Configure`` 方法初始化并启动应用程序
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### Hello World!
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上面的应用程序没有什么功能,让我们创建一个MVC控制器实现一些功能:
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````C#
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using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
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using Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc;
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namespace BasicAspNetCoreApplication.Controllers
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{
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public class HomeController : AbpController
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{
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public IActionResult Index()
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{
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return Content("Hello World!");
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}
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}
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}
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````
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如果运行这个应用程序你会在页面中看到"Hello World!".
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Derived ``HomeController`` from ``AbpController`` instead of standard ``Controller`` class. This is not required, but ``AbpController`` class has useful base properties and methods to make your development easier.
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从``AbpController``派生``HomeController`` 而不是继承自``Controller``类.虽然这不是强制要求,但是``AbpController``类有很多有用的有属性和方法,使你的开发更容易.
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### 使用 Autofac 依赖注入框架
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虽然AspNet Core的依赖注入(DI)系统适用于基本要求,但Autofac提供了属性注入和方法拦截等高级功能,这些功能是ABP执行高级应用程序框架功能所必需的.
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用Autofac取代AspNet Core的DI系统并集成到ABP非常简单.
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1. 安装 Volo.Abp.Autofac 包
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````
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Install-Package Volo.Abp.Autofac
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````
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2. 添加 ``AbpAutofacModule`` 依赖
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````C#
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[DependsOn(typeof(AbpAspNetCoreMvcModule))]
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[DependsOn(typeof(AbpAutofacModule))] // 在模块上添加依赖AbpAutofacModule
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public class AppModule : AbpModule
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{
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...
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}
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````
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3. 修改在``Startup``类下的``services.AddApplication<AppModule>();``如下所示:
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````C#
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services.AddApplication<AppModule>(options =>
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{
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options.UseAutofac(); // 集成 Autofac
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});
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````
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4. 更新 `Program.cs`代码, 不再使用`WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder()`方法(因为它使用默认的DI容器):
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````csharp
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public class Program
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{
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public static void Main(string[] args)
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{
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/*
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https://github.com/aspnet/AspNetCore/issues/4206#issuecomment-445612167
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CurrentDirectoryHelpers 文件位于: \framework\src\Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc\Microsoft\AspNetCore\InProcess\CurrentDirectoryHelpers.cs
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当升级到ASP.NET Core 3.0的时候将会删除这个类.
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*/
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CurrentDirectoryHelpers.SetCurrentDirectory();
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BuildWebHostInternal(args).Run();
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}
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public static IWebHost BuildWebHostInternal(string[] args) =>
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new WebHostBuilder()
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.UseKestrel()
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.UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
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.UseIIS()
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.UseIISIntegration()
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.UseStartup<Startup>()
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.Build();
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}
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````
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### 源码
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从[此处](https://github.com/abpframework/abp-samples/tree/master/BasicAspNetCoreApplication)获取本教程中创建的示例项目的源代码.
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