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# Web应用程序开发教程 - 第三章: 集成测试
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````json
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//[doc-params]
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{
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"UI": ["MVC","NG"],
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"DB": ["EF","Mongo"]
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}
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````
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{{
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if UI == "MVC"
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UI_Text="mvc"
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else if UI == "NG"
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UI_Text="angular"
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else
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UI_Text="?"
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end
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if DB == "EF"
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DB_Text="Entity Framework Core"
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else if DB == "Mongo"
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DB_Text="MongoDB"
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else
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DB_Text="?"
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end
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}}
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## 关于本教程
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在本系列教程中, 你将构建一个名为 `Acme.BookStore` 的用于管理书籍及其作者列表的基于ABP的应用程序. 它是使用以下技术开发的:
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* **{{DB_Text}}** 做为ORM提供程序.
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* **{{UI_Value}}** 做为UI框架.
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本教程分为以下部分:
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- [Part 1: 创建服务端](Part-1.md)
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- [Part 2: 图书列表页面](Part-2.md)
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- [Part 3: 创建,更新和删除图书](Part-3.md)
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- **Part 4: 集成测试**(本章)
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- [Part 5: 授权](Part-5.md)
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- [Part 6: 作者: 领域层](Part-6.md)
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- [Part 7: 作者: 数据库集成](Part-7.md)
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- [Part 8: 作者: 应用服务层](Part-8.md)
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- [Part 9: 作者: 用户页面](Part-9.md)
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- [Part 10: 图书到作者的关系](Part-10.md)
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## 下载源码
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本教程根据你的**UI** 和 **Database**偏好有多个版,我们准备了两种可供下载的源码组合:
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* [MVC (Razor Pages) UI 与 EF Core](https://github.com/abpframework/abp-samples/tree/master/BookStore-Mvc-EfCore)
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* [Angular UI 与 MongoDB](https://github.com/abpframework/abp-samples/tree/master/BookStore-Angular-MongoDb)
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## 解决方案中的测试项目
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这一部分涵盖了 **服务器端** 测试. 解决方案中有多个测试项目:
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每个项目用于测试相关的应用程序项目.测试项目使用以下库进行测试:
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* [xunit](https://xunit.github.io/) 作为主测试框架.
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* [Shoudly](http://shouldly.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) 作为断言库.
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* [NSubstitute](http://nsubstitute.github.io/) 作为模拟库.
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{{if DB=="EF"}}
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> 测试项目配置为使用 **SQLite内存** 作为数据库. 创建一个单独的数据库实例并使用数据种子系统进行初始化种子数据,为每个测试准备一个新的数据库.
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{{else if DB=="Mongo"}}
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> **[Mongo2Go](https://github.com/Mongo2Go/Mongo2Go)**库用于模拟MongoDB数据库. 创建一个单独的数据库实例并使用数据种子系统进行初始化种子数据,为每个测试准备一个新的数据库.
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{{end}}
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## 添加测试数据
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如果你已经按照[第一部分](Part-1.md)中的描述创建了数据种子贡献者,则相同的数据也在测试中可用. 因此你可以跳过此部分. 如果你尚未创建种子贡献者,可以使用 `BookStoreTestDataSeedContributor` 来为要在以下测试中使用的相同数据提供种子.
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## 测试 BookAppService
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在 `Acme.BookStore.Application.Tests` 项目中创建一个名叫 `BookAppService_Tests` 的测试类:
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````csharp
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using System.Threading.Tasks;
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using Shouldly;
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using Volo.Abp.Application.Dtos;
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using Xunit;
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namespace Acme.BookStore.Books
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{ {{if DB=="Mongo"}}
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[Collection(BookStoreTestConsts.CollectionDefinitionName)]{{end}}
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public class BookAppService_Tests : BookStoreApplicationTestBase
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{
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private readonly IBookAppService _bookAppService;
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public BookAppService_Tests()
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{
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_bookAppService = GetRequiredService<IBookAppService>();
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task Should_Get_List_Of_Books()
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{
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//Act
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var result = await _bookAppService.GetListAsync(
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new PagedAndSortedResultRequestDto()
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);
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//Assert
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result.TotalCount.ShouldBeGreaterThan(0);
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result.Items.ShouldContain(b => b.Name == "1984");
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}
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}
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}
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````
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* 测试方法 `Should_Get_List_Of_Books` 直接使用 `BookAppService.GetListAsync` 方法来获取用户列表,并执行检查.
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* 我们可以安全地检查 "1984" 这本书的名称,因为我们知道这本书可以在数据库中找到,我们已将其添加到种子数据中.
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新增测试方法,用以测试创建一个**合法**book实体的场景:
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````csharp
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[Fact]
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public async Task Should_Create_A_Valid_Book()
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{
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//Act
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var result = await _bookAppService.CreateAsync(
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new CreateUpdateBookDto
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{
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Name = "New test book 42",
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Price = 10,
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PublishDate = System.DateTime.Now,
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Type = BookType.ScienceFiction
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}
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);
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//Assert
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result.Id.ShouldNotBe(Guid.Empty);
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result.Name.ShouldBe("New test book 42");
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}
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````
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新增测试方法,用以测试创建一个非法book实体失败的场景:
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````csharp
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[Fact]
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public async Task Should_Not_Create_A_Book_Without_Name()
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{
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var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<AbpValidationException>(async () =>
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{
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await _bookAppService.CreateAsync(
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new CreateUpdateBookDto
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{
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Name = "",
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Price = 10,
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PublishDate = DateTime.Now,
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Type = BookType.ScienceFiction
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}
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);
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});
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exception.ValidationErrors
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.ShouldContain(err => err.MemberNames.Any(mem => mem == "Name"));
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}
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````
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* 由于 `Name` 是空值, ABP 抛出一个 `AbpValidationException` 异常.
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最终的测试类如下所示:
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````csharp
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using System;
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using System.Linq;
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using System.Threading.Tasks;
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using Shouldly;
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using Volo.Abp.Application.Dtos;
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using Volo.Abp.Validation;
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using Xunit;
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namespace Acme.BookStore.Books
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{ {{if DB=="Mongo"}}
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[Collection(BookStoreTestConsts.CollectionDefinitionName)]{{end}}
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public class BookAppService_Tests : BookStoreApplicationTestBase
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{
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private readonly IBookAppService _bookAppService;
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public BookAppService_Tests()
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{
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_bookAppService = GetRequiredService<IBookAppService>();
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task Should_Get_List_Of_Books()
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{
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//Act
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var result = await _bookAppService.GetListAsync(
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new PagedAndSortedResultRequestDto()
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);
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//Assert
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result.TotalCount.ShouldBeGreaterThan(0);
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result.Items.ShouldContain(b => b.Name == "1984");
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task Should_Create_A_Valid_Book()
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{
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//Act
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var result = await _bookAppService.CreateAsync(
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new CreateUpdateBookDto
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{
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Name = "New test book 42",
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Price = 10,
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PublishDate = System.DateTime.Now,
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Type = BookType.ScienceFiction
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}
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);
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//Assert
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result.Id.ShouldNotBe(Guid.Empty);
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result.Name.ShouldBe("New test book 42");
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}
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[Fact]
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public async Task Should_Not_Create_A_Book_Without_Name()
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{
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var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<AbpValidationException>(async () =>
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{
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await _bookAppService.CreateAsync(
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new CreateUpdateBookDto
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{
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Name = "",
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Price = 10,
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PublishDate = DateTime.Now,
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Type = BookType.ScienceFiction
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}
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);
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});
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exception.ValidationErrors
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.ShouldContain(err => err.MemberNames.Any(mem => mem == "Name"));
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}
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}
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}
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````
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打开**测试资源管理器**(测试 -> Windows -> 测试资源管理器)并**执行**所有测试:
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恭喜你, **绿色图标**表示测试已成功通过!
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## 下一章
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查看本教程的[下一章](Part-5.md).
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liangshiwei
5 years ago